Why need to convert the analog signal to digital signal?
We convert an analog signal to a digital signal because real-world measurements are usually continuous, but computers, microcontrollers, data-acquisition (DAQ) systems, and digital signal-processing software work with discrete numerical values. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) therefore turns a sensor voltage into a sequence of numbers that can be stored, analysed, displayed, transmitted, and used for control
What is the content of analog signal?
An analog signal contains continuous real-world physical information carried by smooth, infinitely variable parameters of a wave.
Information Type (Real-World Physics):** The content represents raw environmental data—such as sound pressure levels, light brightness, temperature shifts, human voice, or electrical voltage—that changes constantly over time without abrupt breaks.
Amplitude (Signal Strength):** The height of the wave represents the magnitude or intensity of the data (e.g., louder sounds or brighter light correspond to higher voltage peaks).
Frequency (Rate of Change):** The number of wave cycles per second (measured in Hertz) represents how rapidly the physical phenomenon changes (e.g., higher pitch in audio corresponds to higher frequency).
Phase (Timing/Position):** The relative offset or position of the wave cycle at a specific point in time, used to carry positional or synchronized data.
Infinite Resolution:** Unlike digital signals (which hold only fixed 0s and 1s), an analog signal theoretically contains an infinite number of values between any two points, capturing every subtle variation of the original source.
